Relaciones sexistas en la generación X y Millennials / Sexist relationships in Generation X and Millennials

Objetivo: Identificar características de violencia sexista en las distintas generaciones tecnológicas (Millennials y Generación X). Diseño: Estudio transversal descriptivo. Emplazamiento: Región de Murcia, España. Participantes: Un total de 1.269 usuarios de redes sociales pertenecientes a la generación Millennials (19-38 años) y Generación X (39-54 años) que tienen una relación de pareja. Mediciones principales: Se utilizó el “Cuestionario sobre las nuevas tecnologías para transmitir la violencia de género” que analiza el uso de las redes, la violencia sufrida y la violencia ejercida en la pareja. Las variables de estudio han sido el grupo generacional, edad, sexo, consumo de alcohol y drogas, nivel de educación formal, país de origen y de residencia, y orientación sexual. Resultados: Los Millennials muestran una asociación estadísticamente significativa con los items sobre patrones de riesgo en redes relacionados con el Phising, Sexting, Flaming, falsos ofrecimientos, Cyberstalking y secuestros webcam (p<0,05), mientras que respecto a la violencia sufrida solo se ha observado asociación en ítems relacionados con Flaming (OR: 0,405) (IC 95%: 0,226-0,726) y coacción sexual (OR: 0,420) (IC 95%: 0,200-0,882). Las drogas aumentan las actividades de riesgo, así como la violencia sufrida y ejercida (p<0,05). Las mujeres de la muestra refieren sufrir más presiones en actividades sexuales (OR: 2,587) (IC 95%: 1,702-3,931) y miedos por parte de sus parejas (OR: 2,598) (IC 95%: 1,749-3,857). Conclusión: El estudio muestra mayores patrones de riesgo, así como violencia sufrida y ejercida en el grupo Millennial respecto a la Generación X.(AU)

Objective: To identify sexist violence features on different technological generations (Millennials and Generation X). Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Site: Region of Murcia, Spain. Participants: A total of 1269 users of social networks belonging to the Millennials generation (19–38 years) and Generation X (39–54 years) who are in a romantic relationship. Main measurements: The instrument “Questionnaire about new technologies to transmit gender violence”, analyzes the use of social networks, suffered and exercised violence on couples. The study variables have been the generational group, age, sex, alcohol and drug consumption, the level of formal education, origin and residence country and sexual orientation. Results: Millennials show a statistically significant association with the items on risk patterns in networks related to phising, sexting, flaming, false offers, cyberstalking, and webcam hijacking (p<0.05), while regarding violence suffered only has been observed association in items related to flaming (OR: 0.405) (95% CI: 0.226–0.726) and sexual coercion (OR: 0.420) (95% CI: 0.200–0.882). Drugs increase risky activities, as well as violence suffered and practiced (p<0.05). The women sample reports more pressure in sexual activities (OR: 2587) (95% CI: 1702–3931) and fears from their partners (OR: 2598) (95% CI: 1749–3857). Conclusions: The study shows higher risk patterns, as well as violence suffered and practiced in the Millennial group compared to Generation X. Also, it shows an increase generated by alcohol and drugs in the violence suffered and practiced by the study subjects. On the other hand, there are differences between the behaviors and violence suffered and practiced according to the different sexes, where the violence suffered by women is related to fear and activities of a sexual nature.(AU)

[Sexist relationships in Generation X and Millennials]. / Relaciones sexistas en la generación X y Millennials.

OBJECTIVE: To identify sexist violence features on different technological generations (Millennials and Generation X). DESIGN: Descriptive cross-sectional study. SITE: Region of Murcia, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1269 users of social networks belonging to the Millennials generation (19-38 years) and Generation X (39-54 years) who are in a romantic relationship. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: The instrument "Questionnaire about new technologies to transmit gender violence", analyzes the use of social networks, suffered and exercised violence on couples. The study variables have been the generational group, age, sex, alcohol and drug consumption, the level of formal education, origin and residence country and sexual orientation. RESULTS: Millennials show a statistically significant association with the items on risk patterns in networks related to phising, sexting, flaming, false offers, cyberstalking, and webcam hijacking (p<0.05), while regarding violence suffered only has been observed association in items related to flaming (OR: 0.405) (95% CI: 0.226-0.726) and sexual coercion (OR: 0.420) (95% CI: 0.200-0.882). Drugs increase risky activities, as well as violence suffered and practiced (p<0.05). The women sample reports more pressure in sexual activities (OR: 2587) (95% CI: 1702-3931) and fears from their partners (OR: 2598) (95% CI: 1749-3857). CONCLUSIONS: The study shows higher risk patterns, as well as violence suffered and practiced in the Millennial group compared to Generation X. Also, it shows an increase generated by alcohol and drugs in the violence suffered and practiced by the study subjects. On the other hand, there are differences between the behaviors and violence suffered and practiced according to the different sexes, where the violence suffered by women is related to fear and activities of a sexual nature.

Estudio de las diferencias culturales en las relaciones violentas de pareja de España y Perú / Study of cultural differences in violent intimate partner relationships in Spain and Peru

OBJETIVO: Determinar la violencia de género sufrida y ejercida en función de la cultura, edad y nivel educativo. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio transversal descriptivo con una muestra de 130 sujetos seleccionados aleatoriamente mediante el muestreo no probabilístico por cuotas en los países de España y Perú, siendo 53 hombres y 77 mujeres, sobre los que se aplicó un test de valoración de relaciones violentas de pareja, llamado el "semáforo de la violencia". RESULTADOS: Se encontraron asociaciones significativas según países en los ítems relacionados con el control de la vestimenta y de las salidas, el castigo mediante indiferencia, los celos, la sobreprotección y el control a través del móvil. Por otra parte, la educación formal genera una disminución de la violencia de género sufrida en mujeres. Respecto a la edad, los varones entre 25 y 30 años muestran un aumento significativo en la violencia verbal y la coacción sexual que ejercen. CONCLUSIÓN: Las normas culturales y tradicionales pueden afectar a las relaciones violentas de pareja. Por lo que han de ser tenidas en cuenta al educar en igualdad para elaborar nuevos constructos sociales, haciendo énfasis en las mujeres con baja educación formal por ser más vulnerables de sufrir violencia de género y en los hombres del grupo etario que más la ejerce

OBJECTIVE: To examine intimate partner violence in relation to culture, age and educational level of those involved. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving a sample of 130 subjects, randomly selected through non-probabilistic sampling by quotas, in Spain and Peru (53 men and 77 women). An evaluation of violent intimate partner relationships was undertaken using a tool known as the "Traffic Light of Gender Violence". RESULTS: Significant association was found between countries and the items related to the control of dress and outings, punishment by indifference, jealousy, overprotection and control by means of the mobile phone. On the other hand, formal education generates a decrease in gender violence suffered in women. With regard to age, males between 25 and 30 years of age show a significant increase in verbal violence and sexual coercion. CONCLUSION: Cultural and traditional rules can affect intimate partner violence. Therefore, they should be considered when educating for equality in order to elaborate new social constructs, focusing particularly on women with low levels of formal education (because they are more vulnerable to gender violence) and on men of the age group that tends to use it more